|
|
|
|
 • Credit in France
• Saving in France
• Repurchase credit in France
• To borrow money in France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country made up of a Metropolis and one Overseas.
France of overseas, indicated by abbreviation DOM-TOM makes it possible collectively to indicate the whole of the grounds under French sovereignty located except metropolis. These territories are old French colonies.
Acronym DOM-TOM means Overseas department - Overseas territory. This expression of everyday usage only seems used to synthesize the variety of the legal statuses of these grounds, although, since the constitutional modification of 2003, this name is not relating any more to the statute of the territories only it includes
France is the State of the European Union whose European territory is widest. This territory, located in Western Europe, is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the English Channel (which separate it from the United Kingdom) and the North Sea in north, by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland and Italy in the east, and by the Mediterranean, Andorra, Monaco and Spain in the south. By the DOM-TOM, France is also bordered by the Netherlands, Brazil, Suriname, Australia, but also by the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, etc
France is, among all the great European States, made up in the past, around a royal field initially centered on Island-of-France, its capital being Paris. Member of the Council of Europe, it is one of the countries founders of the European Union, the euro area and Schengen space. It is one of the five permanent members of the Safety advice of the United Nations and fact part of the Latin Union, the economic Cooperation organization and development (OECD), of the Francophonie and the Group of the eight (G8).
The values which it defends and to which it is very attached are based on the democracy and the human rights and of the citizen of 1789, of which it is the fatherland of origin.
Militarily, France is member of the Organization of the treaty of the North Atlantic (NATO) - it withdrew itself in 1966 of the military organization integrated to return there partially in 2002 - and has the nuclear deterrence.
Its economy is of capitalist type with a considerable official intervention since the end of the Second world war. Since about thirty years, successive reforms involved a progressive disengagement of the State from several state enterprises.
During the “Great century”, France was worked by arts and philosophy. Cradle of the “Lights”, it influenced the American revolutions, then the French revolution insufflated, developing values of freedom, equality, fraternity and secularity.
The French culture radiates beyond the European framework: because of explorations of the Rebirth, XVIIIe and XIXe centuries, France diffused its culture and its language with many people, in Canada, in Africa, but also in some areas of the Middle-East, Asia and the Pacific. Its gastronomy is of world reputation. Nowadays France undergoes cultural l´influence of the United States more and more.
French is the official language of the Republic, but one counts there also 77 regional languages.
|
 |
• Access of the households to the credit in France
The rough debt of the households having increased more quickly than their income, it is justified to be interested in the soutenability of this debt
Refundings of the capital increased but the fall of the annual cost of the credit, had with the fall of interest rates and the lengthening of the durations of loans, resulted in a considerable reduction in the loads of interest supported by the households and a reduction of the annual load of damping of the capital of a loan of a given amount.
The French households release structurally a capacity of financing, i.e., not only, they consume less than their income - they save and, moreover, in particularly important proportions -, but still, than their saving is higher than their needs for investment, of which an increasing part is financed by the loan.
They are, consequently, in position of lenders Nets to the remainder of the economic agents, domestic or foreign (companies, public administrations, outside).
The French appear “under-involved in debt” compared to their counterparts of the developed countries. Their rate of saving is thus comparatively high and their rate of credit recourse is weak
The French are very definitely involved in debt than their counterparts of the other European countries, in particular under the effect of a very modest recourse to the credit with housing. Contrary, the rate of saving of the French households appears relatively high. It is justified to wonder about the existence of a causality between the elevated level of the rate of saving of the French and low level of their rate of credit recourse. It seems that in France, the constraint of liquidity weighing on the households is exerted with more rigour than in the countries where the credit recourse is more widespread.
|
|
 • Debt in Europe
• Credit in Europe
• Saving in Europe
• Repurchase credit in Europe
• To borrow money in the zone euros
The European countries divide themselves into three groups:
- The United Kingdom and Sweden with an important use of the consumer credit
- Households Finnish, Italian, Dutch, Belgian and Portuguese, with a debt consumption lower than 9% of their income available
- other countries - Germany, France, Spain and Ireland - which are in an intermediate position.
The “rates of financing” of the households incorporate their rate of saving and their rate of call-up to the credit.
The French have, comparatively, a high rate of saving and a rate of credit recourse which is weak, so that their financial resources are overall modest compared to those their counterparts.
The study of the European countries makes it possible overall to establish a correlation between the two variables in question.
The French situation, and the example of many other European countries, invite to consider the existence of a causal link between rate of saving and rate of credit recourse: do the French households have if little credit recourse because their saving is abundant or this one is it so abundant that they have naturally little slope to be involved in debt ?
Structurally, half of the French households is not concerned with the debt, and only a little less than 30% of the households are involved in debt under housing.
The consumer credit in France east traditionally of diffusion slightly broader
For the credit with the habitat, the executives and liberal professions are located completely at the top of the hierarchy. They indeed account for 10,6% of the households and 12% of the individuals, but carry out 36% of the purchases of new housings, 41% of the purchases of old residences and 42% of work in housing.
They subscribe 38% of the new appropriations to the old habitat and the same percentage of the new appropriations at the new housing and for work.
The profile of refundings, which gives an account of the weight of incur, watch that the weight of refundings in the income available of the various deciles is almost constantly increasing as one passes from the most modest deciles to easiest.
The observation of the rates of defect shows that, weak in general, they are relatively higher for the consumer credit, which results in supposing that the vulnerable households benefit less from the credit dwelling than of the consumer credit.
Lastly, the average debtor rates are higher for the consumer credits than for the appropriations with the habitat. This situation is paradoxical since the duration of the loans to consumption is by shorter definition what implies less risks.
It reflèterait, to some extent, a stronger taking risk because of the characteristics of the populations concerned with the consumer credit, but is also the reflection of unit amounts of credit definitely weaker, which involves fixed costs proportionally much higher.
It seems to be also the consequence of an unequal commercial attractivity of the recipients of these two categories of appropriations.
If, as one can think it, the appropriations with the habitat became products of call for the banks, those would tend to adopt selective business practices, which slow down its diffusion by holding them to the easiest customers which are also most commercially promising.
Indeed, for them, the margins of interest on the appropriations with housing being quasi-null, it is important to allocate their resources with this type of credits only so of flows of derived incomes are possible.
|
|
 |
Pour tous renseignements:
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Home • Video • Forum • Gallery • Partners
