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Credit to build
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 Process of wall with integrated formwork consisted of two thin walls prefabricated out of reinforced concrete, maintained spaced by metal stiffeners vertical and being used as formwork in work with a ready-mixed concrete, for realization of articulated or embedded walls.
Steels of connection are inserted in work in the concrete run on the spot, the form panels can be associated with on the spot run or prefabricated complementary structural elements to which they can be connected by steels of continuity to constitute beam-veils, beams or posts.
The panels are intended for the realization of interior walls and walls external supplemented in work either by a system of thermo isolation by outside or by an interior doubling insulating.
Joineries are reported in work. The steel door and window frames can be built-in
Coatings
• external: facing of the concrete wall external rough or supplemented by a thin coating standard painting or facing of the system of external insulation.
• interior: traditional completions on smooth concrete or traditional completions on doubling insulating according to the case.
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Recovery of the debts
The installation of measurements of distraint of the common right.
Once the practised temporary measures, the debtor must assign at the bottom, i.e. to seize the Court of competent jurisdiction (civil jurisdictions when it is about a civil credit and Bankruptcy court, when it is about a commercial credit) to make note his credit and obtain the judgment of the debtor to regulate the sum due to him.
The judgement if it is matched provisional execution or if it is final, will make it possible to transform the garnishment into seizure attribution or seized sale:
The seizure attribution (articles 42 to 47 of the law of July 9, 1991 and decree 55 to 79 decree of July 31, 1992). It is a seizure of credits of sums which a third on behalf of the debtor holds, including the banks. The unpaid ones are recovered near the third between the hands of which the seizure will be practised. It is carried out by act of usher addressed by seizing to the seized third and prohibits to him to have the sums claimed within the limit of what the debtor owes. The debtor has a one month deadline as from the seizure to seize the judge of the execution.
Seizure - sale (articles 50 to 55 law of July 9, 1991 and decree July 31, 1992 articles 81à 138). It makes it possible to the creditor to seize the pieces of furniture of the debtor, to make them sell and to be paid on the price.
- Seized of the rights of associated and the transferable securities (articles 178 to 193 of the decree of 1992)
Are also seizable the titles, partnership shares, right of associated or transferable securities. The seizure is carried out is near the third which manages them or holds them, that is to say near the transmitting company. The act of seizure makes inalienable the emoluments of the debtor. This one can obtain the replevin from it by consigning a sufficient sum to satisfy the creditor. This sum is especially assigned to the profit of the distraining creditor.
In the absence of payment or of friendly sale, the compulsory sales can intervene within one month on the presentation of a certificate issued by the secretariat grafts attesting that no dispute was formed or, if necessary, of a judgement rejecting the dispute raised by the debtor.
For the allowed transferable securities with dimensions official or that of the second market, the sale is carried out by the competent intermediary, generally the company of purse.
For the rights of associated or the transferable securities not - dimensioned, the sale is made in the form of adjudication with a schedule of conditions which takes again the legal or statutory restrictions on transferability.
It is also possible to carry out the seizure of the remunerations of labour (article R 145-1 and following of the labor regulation). Any creditor provided with an executory title noting a liquid and exigible credit can make carry out the attachment renumeration which had by an employer with his debtor.
Jurisprudence extends this concept to the retirement pensions. The procedure is open in front of the magistrates' court of the place of residence of the debtor.
This procedure is matched conditions as the share of the seizable wages and the quality of employee.
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 Satisfaction with the laws and payments in force and other qualities of operating requirement.
- Stability
The stability of the works with which can be associated, within the limits resulting from the application of the Technical Specifications hereafter, the walls carried out according to this process, can be normally assured.
For construction in seismic zone, the load-carrying capacity tangent of the bank junctions of panels constituting of the sides of wind-bracing can be taken into account only with the help of the addition in steel work of connection.
- Safety with fire
The durations of the criteria of requirement firebreak or stability with fire of a wall carried out according to the process THERMAL SWITCH can be justified by application of the rules of calculation BFR (DTU P 92-701) to the whole of the wall considered as homogeneous from this point of view. In particular, the compressed elements must be treated like standard compressed elements (Article 7.1 and 7.3 of the rules BFR), bent elements the perpendicular to their plan like prédalles (Article 7.4 of the rules BFR) and the beams like beams standards (Article 7.5 of the rules BFR)
- Prevention of the accidents at the time of the implementation and maintenance. The system makes it possible to ensure it normally.
- Thermo isolation
It is ensured by the brought back system of thermo isolation, the interior or outside. The checking is to be carried out according to the “Rules Th-U”, while referring, if necessary, with the Technical opinion aiming this system.
- Soundproofing
In the absence of experimental result, the index of attenuation of noise of a wall can be estimated by applying the law of mass to the whole of the casing walls and the cased concrete, considered as homogeneous from this point of view.
With regard to the insulation of the frontages with respect to the noises coming from external space, one estimates that the wall of 20 cm concrete, whose index of attenuation of noise RA, tr can be estimated at 54 dB for a noise of road, allows to ensure the insulations envisaged by the regulations in force.
For the application of the “Examples of solutions” intended to facilitate the application of the NRA (New Acoustic Regulation) one will compare this wall to a homogeneous wall of the same thickness out of concrete run on the spot.
- Sealing of the external walls
In the case of the insulation by outside, it can be regarded as normally assured realising, thanks to a very careful concreting (use of chutes of concreting in particular) in particular in the vicinity of the singular points (barges, connections between panels) the absence of very empty between casing walls and an implementation of the work of insulation external in conformity with the regulations of the specific Technical opinion or DTU which it concerns.
In the case of insulation by the interior, it can also be regarded as normally assured with the help of the same precautions taking into account the presence in facing external of a cement trimming ready to ensure, with the right of the joints, the continuity of the sealing of the external wall.
With the help of the choice of the adapted organization, by application of the criteria defined in the Technical dossier, the sealing of the works and buildings of the accepted field of application can be regarded as normally assured.
If the joints are inaccessible, the sealing of the works with hydrostatic pressure rests on that of the concrete alone. In other cases, the sealing (or impermeability in the case of walls subjected to the only water streaming) depends partly, of the organization of the waterproofing system of the joints.
- Risks of surface condensation
The system of thermo isolation by the outside, associated with this process in the frontages with insulation by outside, makes it possible to avoid the current cold bridges, the risks of surface condensation on these walls thus are very limited.
The frontages with insulation brought back inside comprise, with their junction with a cross wall and a floor, the same cold bridges as the systems of traditional walls of the same configuration, which are likely to support the appearance of condensations.
Comfort of summer
For the determination of the class of daily thermal inertia of the buildings, which constitutes a big factor of the comfort of summer, the walls external of this process belong to the category of the heavy walls to insulation brought back outside or inside. Their inertia is given by means of the rules FR.
- Completion-Aspect
The completions envisaged are outside either those of a coating on insulator, or the traditional completions on concrete, inside one finds, in correspondence, or the traditional completions on concrete or the completions of the facing of insulating doubling.
Their behavior should not pose particular problem if their conditions of implementation satisfy the Technical Specifications hereafter. It can be however completely excluded only, in spite of the presence necessary of steels of connection, of fine cracks, without another disadvantage which them aspect, appear with the right of certain joints between not covered form panels.
In the event of absence of steels of connection in the interior junctions, a cracking of the wall to the right of the joints is probable.
- Durability-Maintenance
With the help of the precautions of manufacture and implementation, and the limitations specified in the Technical Specifications, the walls of this process should not pose particular problem of durability.
It is understood that, for the associated works of insulation, it is necessary to refer, individually, is with the specific Technical opinion of which they raise when they are not traditional, that is to say with the DTU with regard to them when they are traditional. In the case of cement trimming laid out in the joints external of the frontages with interior insulation, its repair is to be envisaged according to a periodicity from 15 to 20 years.
- Manufacture
Realized in closed factory especially equipped, the manufacture of the form panels, which essentially call upon the techniques of heavy prefabrication profits from the precision that this traditional mode of manufacture allows.
The reversal of half of panel run in first phase constitutes the most delicate operation from the point of view of the precision of assembly of the two blades, the necessary precision is obtained with the help of regular control and the adjustment, if necessary, of the parameters of the machine of reversal.
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Pour tous renseignements:
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Credit to build
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